{"id":10342,"date":"2025-04-29T06:46:29","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T06:46:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/?p=10342"},"modified":"2025-04-29T06:46:32","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T06:46:32","slug":"lokavt-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/yasa\/lokavt-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Lokavt Nedir? Lokavt \u00c7e\u015fitleri Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren aras\u0131nda zaman zaman anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Bu anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar sonucunda da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, topluca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayarak faaliyeti durdurarak grev yapabilir. \u201cPeki, b\u00f6yle bir durumda i\u015fveren ne yapabilir?\u201d diye merak ediyorsan\u0131z lokavt kavram\u0131 ile tan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n zaman\u0131 geldi.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>O halde gelin; lokavt nedir, nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r ve \u015fartlar\u0131 nelerdir, incelemeye ba\u015flayal\u0131m.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Lokavt Nedir?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lokavt, genel olarak i\u015fverenin bir i\u015f yerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin tamam\u0131n\u0131 veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ici olarak i\u015ften uzakla\u015ft\u0131rarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 durdurmas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. Bu durum, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=6356&amp;MevzuatTur=1&amp;MevzuatTertip=5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6356 say\u0131l\u0131 Sendikalar ve Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Kanunu<\/a> kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olup belirli kurallara ve yasal prosed\u00fcrlere tabidir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sendikalar ve Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Kanununun 59. maddesinde lokavt a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Kanuna g\u00f6re i\u015f yerinde faaliyetin tamamen durmas\u0131na neden olacak tarzda, i\u015fveren veya i\u015fveren vekili taraf\u0131ndan kendi karar\u0131yla veya bir kurulu\u015fun verdi\u011fi karara uyarak i\u015f\u00e7ilerin topluca i\u015ften uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na lokavt denir. Yani lokavt; \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n de\u011fil, i\u015fverenin karar\u0131yla uygulanan bir i\u015f b\u0131rakma eylemidir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Lokavt \u00c7e\u015fitleri Nelerdir?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lokavt tan\u0131m\u0131nda da belirtti\u011fimiz gibi usul ve uygulama \u015fartlar\u0131 kanun \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde belirlenmi\u015f bir durumdur. Buna g\u00f6re de lokavt\u0131n temel olarak kanuni ve kanuni olmayan \u015fekilde iki \u00e7e\u015fidi bulunur.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kanuni lokavt, kanunda belirtilen usul ve \u015fartlara uyarak uygulanan lokavt t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yani toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve i\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131nca grev karar\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131 durumunda i\u015fveren de kanuni lokavt hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilir. Yani bir i\u015fverenin lokavt karar\u0131 vermesi i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle grev ilan edilmesi gerekir. Buna g\u00f6re de lokavt i\u00e7in bir sald\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fil, i\u015fveren a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir savunma y\u00f6ntemi denmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grev ilan\u0131 olmadan i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015f yerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 durumu ise kanuni olmayan lokavtt\u0131r. Ancak b\u00f6yle bir durum kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kanun d\u0131\u015f\u0131 lokavt yap\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerini hakl\u0131 nedenle feshedebilir. \u0130\u015fveren, bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin lokavt s\u00fcresine ili\u015fkin i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden do\u011fan b\u00fct\u00fcn haklar\u0131n\u0131 bir i\u015f kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6demek ve u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 zararlar\u0131 tazmin etmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Lokavt Nas\u0131l Uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lokavt, toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve i\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan grev karar\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131 halinde uygulanabilir. Ancak uygulama s\u0131ras\u0131nda kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine uyulmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kanunda da belirtildi\u011fi lokavt, belirli i\u015fler i\u00e7in uygulanamaz ve i\u015f kapsam\u0131 uygulanabilecek t\u00fcrden olsa bile i\u015f\u00e7iler grev karar\u0131 almadan i\u015fveren lokavt ilan edemez. Kanuna uygun bir \u015fekilde lokavt karar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan bir grev karar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ve bunun i\u015fverene bildirilmesi gerekir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna g\u00f6re kanuni bir lokavt\u0131n uygulama a\u015famalar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralanabilir:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kmas\u0131:<\/strong> Toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi s\u00fcrecinde i\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131 ile i\u015fveren aras\u0131nda anla\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Arabuluculuk S\u00fcreci: <\/strong>\u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren taraflar\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzla\u015fma sa\u011flanamazsa arabuluculuk s\u00fcrecine gidilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Grev Karar\u0131 Al\u0131nmas\u0131:<\/strong> Anla\u015fma olmamas\u0131 halinde i\u015f\u00e7ilerin grev karar\u0131 almas\u0131 ve bunu ilan etmesi gerekir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lokavt Karar\u0131 Al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/strong>: \u0130\u015fveren sendikas\u0131, grev karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak lokavt karar\u0131 alabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bildirim ve Uygulama:<\/strong> Lokavt karar\u0131, ilgili resmi mercilere bildirilerek i\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015f yerine giri\u015fleri engellenir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Grev ve Lokavt Aras\u0131ndaki Fark Nedir?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Grev ve lokavt, birbirleri ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olsalar da uygulayan ki\u015filer ve uygulama s\u00fcreci a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan farkl\u0131la\u015f\u0131rlar. Bu iki kavram aras\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 ise \u015fu \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u00d6zellik<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Grev<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Lokavt<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Kim Taraf\u0131ndan Uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0130\u015f\u00e7iler ve i\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131<\/td><td>\u0130\u015fveren ve i\u015fveren vekili&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ama\u00e7<\/strong><\/td><td>Toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde \u00e7\u0131kan anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar sonu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hakk\u0131n\u0131 savunmas\u0131&nbsp;<\/td><td>\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin grev karar\u0131 sonucu i\u015fverenin i\u015f\u00e7ileri i\u015f yerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>S\u00fcre\u00e7<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015fi b\u0131rakmas\u0131 ve i\u015f yerine gelmemesi<\/td><td>\u0130\u015fverenin i\u015f\u00e7ileri i\u015f yerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamas\u0131<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Farklar\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi temel olarak bu iki kavram, uygulamaya koyan taraf a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan farkl\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca i\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar sonucunda do\u011fan bu y\u00f6ntemlerin kanun \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ilerlemesi i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan grev ilan edilmesi gerekir. Grev ilan\u0131ndan sonra i\u015fveren, lokavt karar\u0131 alabilir. Bu nedenle grev ve lokavt, ayn\u0131 zamanda birbirleri ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 iki kavramd\u0131r.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hangi Durumlarda Grev ve Lokavt Yap\u0131lamaz?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"788\" height=\"443\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2025\/04\/hangi-durumlarda-grev-ve-lokavt-yapilamaz.jpg\" alt=\"Hangi Durumlarda Grev ve Lokavt Yap\u0131lamaz?\" class=\"wp-image-10344\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2025\/04\/hangi-durumlarda-grev-ve-lokavt-yapilamaz.jpg 788w, https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2025\/04\/hangi-durumlarda-grev-ve-lokavt-yapilamaz-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2025\/04\/hangi-durumlarda-grev-ve-lokavt-yapilamaz-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2025\/04\/hangi-durumlarda-grev-ve-lokavt-yapilamaz-585x329.jpg 585w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 788px) 100vw, 788px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Baz\u0131 i\u015f yerlerinde i\u015fin niteli\u011finden kaynakl\u0131 olarak i\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren aras\u0131nda anla\u015fmazl\u0131k olsa bile grev ve lokavt yap\u0131lamaz. Kanunun 62. maddesinde belirtilen grev ve lokavt yasa\u011f\u0131 olan i\u015fleri ise \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralayabiliriz:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Can ve mal kurtarma i\u015flerinde; cenaze i\u015flerinde ve mezarl\u0131klarda; \u015fehir \u015febeke suyu, elektrik, do\u011fal gaz, petrol \u00fcretimi, tasfiyesi ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ile nafta veya do\u011fal gazdan ba\u015flayan petrokimya i\u015flerinde,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolculu\u011fu yurt i\u00e7indeki var\u0131\u015f yerlerinde bitirmemi\u015f deniz, hava, demir ve kara ula\u015ft\u0131rma ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mill\u00ee Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Jandarma Genel Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Sahil G\u00fcvenlik Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca do\u011frudan i\u015fletilen i\u015f yerlerinde; kamu kurulu\u015flar\u0131nca y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen itfaiye ve hastanelerde grev ve lokavt yap\u0131lamaz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca bu i\u015flere ek olarak i\u015fin niteli\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli olmas\u0131nda teknik zorunluluk bulunan i\u015flerde faaliyetin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya i\u015f yeri g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, makine ve demirba\u015f e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131n, ham maddelerin bozulmamas\u0131n\u0131 ya da hayvan ve bitkilerin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak say\u0131da i\u015f\u00e7i, kanuni grev ve lokavt s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, i\u015fveren de bunlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak zorundad\u0131r.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Lokavt\u0131 Sona Erdirme Karar\u0131 Nas\u0131l Al\u0131n\u0131r?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan grev ve lokavt\u0131n sona ermesi i\u00e7in taraflar aras\u0131nda anla\u015fma olmas\u0131 gerekir. Anla\u015fma yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde grev ve lokavt sona erdirilir. Sona erdirme karar\u0131 ise karar\u0131 alan taraf\u00e7a ertesi i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc sonuna kadar yaz\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131 tarafa ve i\u015f yerine bildirilmelidir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra grevi uygulayan i\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131n\u0131n veya lokavt ilan i\u015fveren sendikas\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 veya feshedilmesi halinde de lokavt kendili\u011finden sona erer. Ayr\u0131ca grevi uygulayan sendikan\u0131n, i\u015f yerindeki \u00fcyesi i\u015f\u00e7ilerin d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finden ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi halinde grevin sona erdirilmesi i\u00e7in mahkemeye ba\u015fvurulabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0131sacas\u0131 lokavt, i\u015fverenlerin toplu i\u015f anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda ba\u015fvurabilece\u011fi \u00f6nemli bir y\u00f6ntemdir. Ancak yasal \u00e7er\u00e7evede uygulanmas\u0131 gereken bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir ve her durumda uygulanamaz. Bir i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi, ancak i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 veya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ile olabilir. Bunu yaparken de hem i\u015fverenin hem de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f nedeninin bildirilmesi \u00f6nemlidir. \u201cPeki, bu bildirim nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r?\u201d diyorsan\u0131z i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin sonlanma nedenini belirten i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kodlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/dusle\/sgk-isten-cikis-kodlari-nelerdir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SGK \u0130\u015ften \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Kodlar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/a>\u201d yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MAPFRE Sigorta<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lokavt nedir? Grev ve lokavt aras\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131, lokavt t\u00fcrlerini ve hem i\u015f\u00e7i hem i\u015fverenlerin haklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":10343,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,887],"tags":[899],"class_list":["post-10342","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-iyi-yasam","category-yasa","tag-ipucu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10342","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10342"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10342\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10352,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10342\/revisions\/10352"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10343"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10342"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10342"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10342"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}