{"id":9907,"date":"2024-09-18T10:46:13","date_gmt":"2024-09-18T10:46:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/?p=9907"},"modified":"2024-09-18T10:46:15","modified_gmt":"2024-09-18T10:46:15","slug":"pestisit-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/dusle\/pestisit-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u0131dadaki Gizli Tehlike: Pestisit Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde verimlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda s\u00fcreklili\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli. Ancak do\u011fayla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e \u00fcretimi gerektiren tar\u0131msal faaliyetlerde d\u0131\u015f etkenlerden kaynakl\u0131 olarak \u00fcretilen \u00fcr\u00fcnler zarar g\u00f6rebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir bitkide ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan salg\u0131n bir hastal\u0131k, t\u00fcm bitkilerin zarar g\u00f6rmesine sebep olabilir. Peki, b\u00f6yle olumsuz durumlar\u0131n ya\u015fanmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm ne? Bu sorunun cevab\u0131 olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za pestisit \u00e7\u0131ksa da pestisitin tehlikeli y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc de g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemek gerekli.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>O halde \u015fimdi, t\u00fcm detaylar\u0131 ile pestisit nedir, nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve zararlar\u0131 nelerdir, ke\u015ffetmeye ba\u015flayal\u0131m.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pestisit Ne Demek?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u0131dalar\u0131n \u00fcretimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda bitkiye zarar veren mikroorganizmalar, b\u00f6cekler, bakteriler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Bu zarar verici etkenler de g\u0131dan\u0131n daha b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve olgunla\u015fma evresindeyken zarar g\u00f6rerek yok olmas\u0131na sebep olabilir. \u0130\u015fte, bu durumu engellemek ve bitkinin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini d\u00fczenlemek amac\u0131yla pestisit kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Kullan\u0131m amac\u0131nda da anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi pestisite en genel anlam\u0131 ile tar\u0131m ilac\u0131 demek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak her tar\u0131m ilac\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve kullan\u0131m amac\u0131 ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle pestisitler kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131na ve kimyasal i\u00e7eriklerine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re baz\u0131 pestisit \u00e7e\u015fitleri ise \u015funlard\u0131r:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re:<\/strong> \u0130nsektisitler (b\u00f6cekleri yok edenler), Fungusitler (mantarlar\u0131 yok edenler), Herbisitler (yabanc\u0131 otlar\u0131 yok edenler), Bakterisitler (bakterileri yok edenler) vb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kimyasal yap\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re:<\/strong> Organik klorlu pestisitler, organik fosforlu pestisitler, karbamatl\u0131 pestisitler, piretroit grubu pestisitler<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pestisit Zararl\u0131 m\u0131?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"483\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2024\/08\/pestisit-zararli-mi.jpg\" alt=\"Pestisit Zararl\u0131 M\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-9926\" style=\"width:781px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2024\/08\/pestisit-zararli-mi.jpg 724w, https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2024\/08\/pestisit-zararli-mi-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2024\/08\/pestisit-zararli-mi-585x390.jpg 585w, https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2024\/08\/pestisit-zararli-mi-263x175.jpg 263w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Pestisit, tan\u0131m\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bitkileri zararl\u0131 etkenlerden koruyan bir ila\u00e7 olarak alg\u0131lansa da s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011finde yo\u011fun kimyasallar\u0131n bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Bitkiyi korumak ama\u00e7l\u0131 olu\u015fturulan bu kimyasal i\u00e7eri\u011fin ise hem \u00e7evreye hem de insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na zararlar\u0131 bulunur.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Asl\u0131nda bir pestisitin ideal bir yap\u0131da olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in pestisitin sadece yok edilmesi istenen zararl\u0131ya etki etmesi ve insan, bitki, hayvan olmak \u00fczere di\u011fer canl\u0131lara zarar vermemesi gerekir. Ancak 1940\u2019lardan beri yayg\u0131n olan kullan\u0131lan kimyasal i\u00e7erikli pestisitler, toksisite oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir pestisite sa\u011fl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tam g\u00fcvenli bir yap\u0131 sunmaz. Bu nedenle de pestisite dedi\u011fimiz kimyasal tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u00f6zellikle kontrols\u00fcz kullan\u0131m\u0131 hem sa\u011fl\u0131k hem de \u00e7evre a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi problemlere yol a\u00e7abilir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pestisitlerin Zararlar\u0131 Nelerdir?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pestisitlerin insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve \u00e7evreye zararlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralayabiliriz:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pestisitlerin uygulanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ileri i\u00e7in gerekli koruma \u00f6nlemlerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc etkin bir koruma sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde pestisite maruz kalan ki\u015filerde solunum yolu rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131, cilt problemleri ve zehirlenmeler ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131labilir.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n etkileri tabii ki sadece tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ileri ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. Pestisit zehirlenmesi ya\u015famamas\u0131 i\u00e7in t\u00fcketicilerin de organik \u00fcr\u00fcnler tercih ederek, al\u0131nan meyve ve sebzeleri y\u0131kamadan t\u00fcketmeyerek dikkatli olmas\u0131 \u015fart. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bitkilerin \u00fczerinde pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bulunabilir. Bu durum t\u00fcketicilerin de zehirlenmesine yol a\u00e7abilir.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pestisitlerin \u00e7evre \u00fczerinde de \u00f6nemli etkileri bulunur. Toprakta biriken bu kimyasallar, su kaynaklar\u0131na s\u0131zabilir ve yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131 kirletebilir.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pestisitler; hedef d\u0131\u015f\u0131 organizmalara, \u00f6zellikle de tozla\u015fmay\u0131 sa\u011flayan ar\u0131lara ve di\u011fer faydal\u0131 b\u00f6ceklere zarar verebilir.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ekosistemdeki bu denge bozuklu\u011fu, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi tehdit ederek uzun vadede tar\u0131msal verimlili\u011fi azaltabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pestisitin Etkilerini Ortadan Kald\u0131rmak M\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"904\" height=\"386\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2024\/08\/pestisitin-etkilerini-ortadan-kaldirmak-mumkun-mu.jpg\" alt=\"Pestisitin Etkilerini Ortadan Kald\u0131rmak M\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc\" class=\"wp-image-9927\" style=\"width:780px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2024\/08\/pestisitin-etkilerini-ortadan-kaldirmak-mumkun-mu.jpg 904w, https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2024\/08\/pestisitin-etkilerini-ortadan-kaldirmak-mumkun-mu-300x128.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2024\/08\/pestisitin-etkilerini-ortadan-kaldirmak-mumkun-mu-768x328.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/media\/2024\/08\/pestisitin-etkilerini-ortadan-kaldirmak-mumkun-mu-585x250.jpg 585w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Zararlar\u0131ndan da g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi pestisit i\u00e7in insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7evre a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a zararl\u0131 bir bile\u015fen diyebiliriz. Ancak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de hala tar\u0131msal faaliyetlerin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131. Kimyasal i\u00e7erikli pestisitlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcreticiden t\u00fcketiciye her a\u00e7\u0131dan k\u0131sa ve uzun vadede olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furdu\u011fu kesin. Durum b\u00f6yle olunca pestisitin etkilerini ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u201cPestisitsiz tar\u0131m m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin do\u011fmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz. Bu sorunun cevab\u0131 ise tabii ki evet.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pestisit tar\u0131m faaliyetlerinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lsa da asl\u0131nda b\u00f6ylesine yayg\u0131n, baz\u0131 durumlarda gereksiz bi\u00e7imde t\u00fcketilen pestisitlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltacak alternatif tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim se\u00e7ene\u011fi mevcut. Bu se\u00e7enek ise organik tar\u0131m.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Organik tar\u0131m, pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek veya tamamen ortadan kald\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla geli\u015ftirilen bir tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemi. Organik tar\u0131mda do\u011fal g\u00fcbreler ve bitkisel savunma mekanizmalar\u0131 gibi do\u011fal y\u00f6ntemler tercih ediliyor. B\u00f6ylece pestisit kullanmadan da bitkilerin korunabilece\u011finin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu g\u00f6sterilirken bu zararl\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131n hem insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem de \u00e7evre \u00fczerindeki olumsuz etkileri ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu nedenle \u00fcreticilerin bilin\u00e7lenmesi ve organik tar\u0131m\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak unutmay\u0131n ki organik tar\u0131m\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ve pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131, geli\u015fmesi gereken bir s\u00fcre\u00e7. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te de bir t\u00fcketici olarak pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 dikkatli olman\u0131z \u015fart. \u201cPeki, ne yapaca\u011f\u0131m?\u201d diyorsan\u0131z ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sebze ve meyvelerin bu maddelerden ar\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131na emin olman\u0131zda fayda var. Bunun i\u00e7in de sebze meyveleri ve elinize bula\u015fma ihtimaline kar\u015f\u0131 ellerinizi iyice y\u0131kaman\u0131z b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBen daha etkili bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm ar\u0131yorum.\u201d diyorsan\u0131z da organik tar\u0131m\u0131 evinize ta\u015f\u0131yarak evde kendi sebze ve meyvelerinizi \u00fcretebilirsiniz. Evde organik tar\u0131m yaparken dikkat edilmesi gerekenleri ke\u015ffetmek isterseniz \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/yasa\/evde-organik-tarim\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u015eimdi Evler Daha Ye\u015fil: Evde Organik Tar\u0131m<\/a>\u201d yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MAPFRE Sigorta<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u0131da \u00fcretiminde ve t\u00fcketiminde bir tehlike olan pestisit nedir? \u00c7evreye ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na etkileri nelerdir? \u00d6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9925,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[886,382],"tags":[899,901],"class_list":["post-9907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dusle","category-gundem","tag-ipucu","tag-saglik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9907","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9907"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9907\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9942,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9907\/revisions\/9942"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9925"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9907"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9907"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapfre.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9907"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}